Alcohol testing, corrections, drugs, evidence, Fourth Amendment, policy and procedure, refusal.

James T. McCrohan, an inmate with the California Department of Corrections, filed suit against Department parole officers, alleging his civil rights were violated by the terms set for his parole. The terms of McCrohan's parole required his participation in drug and alcohol testing. The terms also stated a violation could lead to immediate revocation and a return to prison. McCrohan agreed to the terms and received parole. He subsequently was arrested for assault with a deadly weapon and also was cited for violating his parole by using alcohol. State officials revoked McCrohan's parole and returned him to prison for one year. He filed suit, claiming the drug testing conditions of his parole violated his civil rights.

This is the first judicial review of this case.

McCrohan loses. The U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California granted the parole officers' motion for summary judgment and upheld the decision to revoke McCrohan's parole.